April 11, 2026
Evidence based consensus statements for digital tools to address youth mental health literacy
  • Burcusa, S. L. & Iacono, W. G. Risk for recurrence in depression. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 27 (8), 959–985 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibb, S. J., Fergusson, D. M. & Horwood, L. J. Burden of psychiatric disorder in young adulthood and life outcomes at age 30. Br. J. Psychiatry. 197 (2), 122–127 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • National Academies of Sciences E et al. Families, Committee on the N. In The Promise of Adolescence: Realizing Opportunity for All Youth. edn. Edited by Backes EP, Bonnie RJ. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US) Copyright 2019 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved (2019).

  • Correll, C. U. et al. Comparison of early intervention services vs treatment as usual for early-phase psychosis: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. JAMA Psychiatry. 75 (6), 555–565 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Colizzi, M., Lasalvia, A. & Ruggeri, M. Prevention and early intervention in youth mental health: is it time for a multidisciplinary and trans-diagnostic model for care? Int. J. Mental Health Syst. 14 (1), 23 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusar-Poli, P. Integrated mental health services for the developmental period (0 to 25 Years): A Critical Review of the Evidence. Front. Psychiatry. 10, 355 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Colizzi, M., Lasalvia, A. & Ruggeri, M. Prevention and early intervention in youth mental health: is it time for a multidisciplinary and trans-diagnostic model for care? Int. J. Mental Health Syst. 14, 1–14 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • McGorry, P. D., Purcell, R., Hickie, I. B. & Jorm, A. F. Investing in youth mental health is a best buy. Med. J. Aust. 187 (S7), S5–S7 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lam, L. T. Mental health literacy and mental health status in adolescents: a population-based survey. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Mental Health. 8, 1–8 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Burns, B. J. et al. Mental health need and access to mental health services by youths involved with child welfare: A National survey. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry. 43 (8), 960–970 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. K., Howarth, E., Vainre, M., Jones, P. B. & Humphrey, A. A scoping literature review of service-level barriers for access and engagement with mental health services for children and young people. Child Youth Serv. Rev. 77, 164–176 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • McGorry, P., Bates, T. & Birchwood, M. Designing youth mental health services for the 21st century: examples from australia, Ireland and the UK. Br. J. Psychiatry. 202 (s54), s30–s35 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • McGorry, P. D. et al. Designing and scaling up integrated youth mental health care. World Psychiatry. 21 (1), 61–76 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  • McGorry, P. D. et al. The lancet psychiatry commission on youth mental health. Lancet Psychiatry. 11 (9), 731–774 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  • Akhlaghi, H. & Asadi, H. Essentials of Telemedicine and Telecare (BMJ Clinical Research, 2002).

  • Wilson, L. S. & Maeder, A. J. Recent directions in telemedicine: review of trends in research and practice. Healthc. Inf. Res. 21 (4), 213–222 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bashshur, R. L. & Shannon, G. W. History of Telemedicine: Evolution, Context, and Transformation (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2009).

  • Myers, K. & Comer, J. S. The case for telemental health for improving the accessibility and quality of children’s mental health services. J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. 26 (3), 186–191 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Boydell, K. M. et al. Using technology to deliver mental health services to children and youth: a scoping review. J. Can. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry. 23 (2), 87 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Barney, A., Buckelew, S., Mesheriakova, V. & Raymond-Flesch, M. The COVID-19 pandemic and rapid implementation of adolescent and young adult telemedicine: challenges and opportunities for innovation. J. Adolesc. Health. 67 (2), 164–171 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chandwani, R., De, R. & Dwivedi, Y. K. Telemedicine for low resource settings: exploring the generative mechanisms. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 127, 177–187 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Habib, G. M. et al. Systematic review of clinical effectiveness, components, and delivery of pulmonary rehabilitation in low-resource settings. Npj Prim. Care Respiratory Med. 30 (1), 52 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Were, M. C. Challenges in digital medicine applications in under-resourced settings. Nat. Commun. 2022 (13), 3020 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, S. et al. Acute psychiatric care: approaches to increasing the range of services and improving access and quality of care. World Psychiatry. 21 (2), 220–236 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  • Orsolini, L., Pompili, S., Salvi, V. & Volpe, U. A systematic review on telemental health in youth mental health: focus on anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Medicina 57 (8), 793 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fairchild, R. M., Ferng-Kuo, S-F., Rahmouni, H. & Hardesty, D. Telehealth increases access to care for children dealing with suicidality, depression, and anxiety in rural emergency departments. Telemedicine e-Health. 26 (11), 1353–1362 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Toscos, T. et al. Teens using screens for help: impact of suicidal ideation, anxiety, and depression levels on youth preferences for telemental health resources. JMIR Mental Health. 6 (6), e13230 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, E-L., Barnard, M. & Cain, S. Feasibility of telemedicine intervention for childhood depression. Counselling Psychother. Res. 6 (3), 191–195 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bashshur, R. L., Shannon, G. W., Bashshur, N. & Yellowlees, P. M. The empirical evidence for telemedicine interventions in mental disorders. Telemedicine e-Health. 22 (2), 87–113 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rickwood, D., Deane, F. P., Wilson, C. J. & Ciarrochi, J. Young people’s help-seeking for mental health problems. Australian E-J. Advancement Mental Health. 4 (3), 218–251 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rickwood, D. J., Deane, F. P. & Wilson, C. J. When and how do young people seek professional help for mental health problems? Med. J. Aust. 187 (S7), S35–S39 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M. & Christensen, H. Perceived barriers and facilitators to mental health help-seeking in young people: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 10, 1–9 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • Radez, J. et al. Why do children and adolescents (not) seek and access professional help for their mental health problems? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. 30 (2), 183–211 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Aguirre Velasco, A., Cruz, I. S. S., Billings, J., Jimenez, M. & Rowe, S. What are the barriers, facilitators and interventions targeting help-seeking behaviours for common mental health problems in adolescents? A systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 20, 1–22 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • O’connor, P. J., Martin, B., Weeks, C. S. & Ong, L. Factors that influence young people’s mental health help-seeking behaviour: a study based on the health belief model. J. Adv. Nurs. 70 (11), 2577–2587 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratnayake, P. & Hyde, C. Mental health literacy, help-seeking behaviour and wellbeing in young people: implications for practice. Educational Dev. Psychol. 36 (1), 16–21 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jorm, A. F. Mental health literacy: public knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders. Br. J. Psychiatry. 177 (5), 396–401 (2000).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Jorm, A. F. et al. Mental health literacy: a survey of the public’s ability to recognise mental disorders and their beliefs about the effectiveness of treatment. Med. J. Aust. 166 (4), 182–186 (1997).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei, Y., McGrath, P. J., Hayden, J. & Kutcher, S. Mental health literacy measures evaluating knowledge, attitudes and help-seeking: a scoping review. BMC Psychiatry. 15, 1–20 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, C. M., Jorm, A. F. & Wright, A. Improving mental health literacy as a strategy to facilitate early intervention for mental disorders. Med. J. Aust. 187 (S7), S26–S30 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jorm, A. F. Mental health literacy: empowering the community to take action for better mental health. Am. Psychol. 67 (3), 231 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Connor, M., Casey, L. & Clough, B. Measuring mental health literacy – a review of scale-based measures. J. Mental Health. 23 (4), 197–204 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Q. et al. Digital empowerment in mental health: A meta-analysis of internet-based interventions for enhancing mental health literacy. Int. J. Clin. Health Psychol. 24 (3), 100489 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ito-Jaeger, S. et al. Digital video interventions and mental health literacy among young people: a scoping review. J. Mental Health. 31 (6), 873–883 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, H. et al. Improving mental health literacy among young people aged 11–15 years in java, indonesia: the co-development of a culturally-appropriate, user-centred resource (The impetus Intervention). Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Mental Health. 15 (1), 56 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkland, A. B. Digital and media literacy in changing times: what mediaSmarts wants Us to know. Can. School Libr. J. 5, 1 (2021).

  • Wiens, K. et al. Mental health among Canadian postsecondary students: a mental health crisis? Can. J. Psychiatry. 65 (1), 30–35 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruisselbrink Flatt, A. A suffering generation: six factors contributing to the mental health crisis in North American higher education. Coll. Q. 16 (1), n1 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • Koziarski, J., O’Connor, C. & Frederick, T. Policing mental health: the composition and perceived challenges of co-response teams and crisis intervention teams in the Canadian context. Police Pract. Res. 22 (1), 977–995 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moroz, N., Moroz, I. & D’Angelo, M. S. Mental health services in canada: barriers and cost-effective solutions to increase access. In: Healthcare Management Forum: 2020: SAGE Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA; : 282–287. (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Steen, M. Co-design as a process of joint inquiry and imagination. Des. Issues. 29 (2), 16–28 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • Thabrew, H., Fleming, T., Hetrick, S. & Merry, S. Co-design of eHealth interventions with children and young people. Front. Psychiatry. 9, 481 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyd, H., McKernon, S., Mullin, B. & Old, A. Improving healthcare through the use of co-design. N Z. Med. J. 125 (1357), 76–87 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, G. et al. What guidance exists to support patient partner compensation practices? A scoping review of available policies and guidelines. Health Expect. 27 (1), e13970 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephana Julia, M. et al. Codesigning a user-centred digital psychoeducational tool for youth mental well-being with families in canada: study protocol for a sequential exploratory mixed methods study. BMJ Open. 13 (6), e072533 (2023).

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, S. A. et al. Team principles for successful interdisciplinary research teams. Am. Heart J. Plus. 32, 100306 (2023).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendelson, T., Sheridan, S. C. & Clary, L. K. Research with youth of color in low-income communities: strategies for recruiting and retaining participants. Res. Social Administrative Pharm. 17 (6), 1110–1118 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • ELZE PDE. Strategies for recruiting and protecting gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender youths in the research process. In Handbook of Research with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Populations 60–88 (Routledge, 2009).

  • Burlew, A. K., Peteet, B. J., McCuistian, C. & Miller-Roenigk, B. D. Best practices for researching diverse groups. Am. J. Orthopsychiatry. 89 (3), 354 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yancey, A. K., Ortega, A. N. & Kumanyika, S. K. Effective recruitment and retention of minority research participants. Annu. Rev. Public Health. 27 (1), 1–28 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyko, J. A., Lavis, J. N., Abelson, J., Dobbins, M. & Carter, N. Deliberative dialogues as a mechanism for knowledge translation and exchange in health systems decision-making. Soc. Sci. Med. 75 (11), 1938–1945 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sibbald, S. L., Singer, P. A., Upshur, R. & Martin, D. K. Priority setting: what constitutes success? A conceptual framework for successful priority setting. BMC Health Serv. Res. 9 (1), 43 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fitch, K., Bernstein, S., McDonnell, J. & Kahan, J. The RAND/UCLA appropriateness methods user’s manual. In.; (2001).

  • Fitch, K. et al. RAND/UCLA appropriateness method user’s manual (RAND corporation Santa Monica, CA, 2000).

  • Jorm, A. F. Using the Delphi expert consensus method in mental health research. Australian New. Z. J. Psychiatry. 49 (10), 887–897 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jünger, S., Payne, S. A., Brine, J., Radbruch, L. & Brearley, S. G. Guidance on conducting and reporting DElphi studies (CREDES) in palliative care: recommendations based on a methodological systematic review. Palliat. Med. 31 (8), 684–706 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, S. J. et al. Social factors associated with self-reported changes in mental health symptoms among youth in the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public. Health. 24 (1), 631 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  • Leigh, J. P. et al. A muti-informant National survey on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health symptoms of parent–child dyads in Canada. Sci. Rep. 13 (1), 7972 (2023).

    ADS 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, S. J. et al. Strategies to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child and youth well-being: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open. 12 (7), e062413 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, S. J. C. C. et al. Theories, models, and frameworks used to implement digital interventions targeted to improve youth mental health: a scoping review Under Review (2024).

  • Moss, S. J. et al. J.: Interventions to improve wellbeing among children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. JAMA Pediatr. (Under Review) (2022).

  • Parsons Leigh, J. M. S. et al. Engaging families to create a better Post-pandemic future: Semi-structure interviews with youth and parents in Canada. Under Review (2024).

  • Scholten, H. & Granic, I. Use of the principles of design thinking to address limitations of digital mental health interventions for youth. J. Med. Internet. Res. 21 (1), e11528 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Iorfino, F. et al. A digital platform designed for youth mental health services to deliver personalized and measurement-based care. Front. Psychiatry. 10, 595 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehtimaki, S., Martic, J., Wahl, B., Foster, K. T. & Schwalbe, N. Evidence on digital mental health interventions for adolescents and young people: systematic overview. JMIR Mental Health. 8 (4), e25847 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Liverpool, S. et al. Engaging children and young people in digital mental health interventions: systematic review of modes of delivery, facilitators, and barriers. J. Med. Internet. Res. 22 (6), e16317 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lattie, E. G., Stiles-Shields, C. & Graham, A. K. An overview of and recommendations for more accessible digital mental health services. Nat. Reviews Psychol. 1 (2), 87–100 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  • Patafio, B., Miller, P., Baldwin, R., Taylor, N. & Hyder, S. A systematic mapping review of interventions to improve adolescent mental health literacy, attitudes and behaviours. Early. Interv. Psychiat. 15 (6), 1470–1501 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei, Y., Hayden, J. A., Kutcher, S., Zygmunt, A. & McGrath, P. The effectiveness of school mental health literacy programs to address knowledge, attitudes and help seeking among youth. Early. Interv. Psychiat. 7 (2), 109–121 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kutcher, S., Wei, Y. & Coniglio, C. Mental health literacy: past, present, and future. Can. J. Psychiatry. 61 (3), 154–158 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kutcher, S., Bagnell, A. & Wei, Y. Mental health literacy in secondary schools: a Canadian approach. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatric Clin. 24 (2), 233–244 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nobre, J., Oliveira, A. P., Monteiro, F., Sequeira, C. & Ferré-Grau, C. Promotion of mental health literacy in adolescents: a scoping review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 18 (18), 9500 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Freţian, A. M. et al. The long-term effectiveness of interventions addressing mental health literacy and stigma of mental illness in children and adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int. J. Public. Health. 66, 1604072 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Likert Scale Examples for Surveys. (2025).

  • Lange, T. et al. Comparison of different rating scales for the use in Delphi studies: different scales lead to different consensus and show different test-retest reliability. BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 20 (1), 28 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies, M. R. et al. Management of fraudulent participants in online research: practical recommendations from a randomized controlled feasibility trial. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 57 (6), 1311–1321 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, D. L., Krueger, R. A. & King, J. A. The focus group guidebook: Sage; (1998).

  • MacDonald, J-A-M. et al. Include them and they will tell you: learnings from a participatory process with youth. Qual. Health Res. 21 (8), 1127–1135 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Arunkumar, K. et al. Conceptualizing youth participation in children’s health research: insights from a youth-driven process for developing a youth advisory Council. Children 6 (1), 3 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Berg, M., Coman, E. & Schensul, J. J. Youth action research for prevention: A multi-level intervention designed to increase efficacy and empowerment among urban youth. Am. J. Community Psychol. 43, 345–359 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • Powers, J. L. & Tiffany, J. S. Engaging youth in participatory research and evaluation. J. Public. Health Manage. Pract. 12, S79–S87 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster-Fishman, P. G., Law, K. M., Lichty, L. F. & Aoun, C. Youth ReACT for social change: A method for youth participatory action research. Am. J. Community Psychol. 46, 67–83 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • Krippendorff, K. Content analysis: an Introduction To its Methodology (Sage, 2018).

  • Thomas, D. R. A general inductive approach for qualitative data analysis. (2003).

  • Carcary, M. The research audit trial—enhancing trustworthiness in qualitative inquiry. Electron. J. Bus. Res. Methods. 7 (1), pp11–24 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, S. J. et al. Interventions to improve well-being among children and youth aged 6–17 years during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. BMC Med. 21 (1), 131 (2023).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, S. J. et al. Well-being approaches targeted to improve child and youth health post-COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv. Res. 24 (1), 1–15 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  • Biwer, F., Wiradhany, W., oude Egbrink, M. G. & De Bruin, A. B. Understanding effort regulation: comparing ‘pomodoro’breaks and self-regulated breaks. Br. J. Educ. Psychol. 93, 353–367 (2023).

    Google Scholar 

  • Balban, M. Y. et al. Brief structured respiration practices enhance mood and reduce physiological arousal. Cell. Rep. Med. 4 (1), 100895 (2023).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tweed, A. & Charmaz, K. Grounded theory methods for mental health practitioners. Qualitative research methods in mental health and psychotherapy: A guide for students and practitioners 2011:131–146.

  • Health, T. L. G. Mental health matters. Lancet Global Health. 8 (11), e1352 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, H., Reichler, L., Munzinger, M. & Lin, J. The impact of guidance on Internet-based mental health interventions—A systematic review. Internet Interventions. 1 (4), 205–215 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, B. J., Proctor, E. K. & Glass, J. E. A systematic review of strategies for implementing empirically supported mental health interventions. Res. Social Work Pract. 24 (2), 192–212 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fazel, M., Hoagwood, K., Stephan, S. & Ford, T. Mental health interventions in schools in high-income countries. Lancet Psychiatry. 1 (5), 377–387 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Griner, D. (ed Smith) Culturally adapted mental health intervention: A meta-analytic review. Psychother. Theory Res. Pract. Train. 43 4 531 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Das, J. K. et al. Interventions for adolescent mental health: an overview of systematic reviews. J. Adolesc. Health. 59 (4), S49–S60 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Furnham, A. & Swami, V. Mental health literacy: A review of what it is and why it matters. Int. Perspect. Psychol. 7 (4), 240–257 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yeo, G., Reich, S. M., Liaw, N. A. & Chia, E. Y. M. The effect of digital mental health literacy interventions on mental health: systematic review and Meta-Analysis. J. Med. Internet. Res. 26, e51268 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  • Philippe, T. J. et al. Digital health interventions for delivery of mental health care: systematic and comprehensive meta-review. JMIR Mental Health. 9 (5), e35159 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusar-Poli, P. et al. Preventive psychiatry: a blueprint for improving the mental health of young people. World Psychiatry. 20 (2), 200–221 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersson, G. & Titov, N. Advantages and limitations of Internet-based interventions for common mental disorders. World Psychiatry. 13 (1), 4–11 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jorm, A. F. Why we need the concept of mental health literacy. Health Commun. 30 (12), 1166–1168 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mansfield, R., Patalay, P. & Humphrey, N. A systematic literature review of existing conceptualisation and measurement of mental health literacy in adolescent research: current challenges and inconsistencies. BMC Public. Health. 20, 1–14 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Connor, M. & Casey, L. The mental health literacy scale (MHLS): A new scale-based measure of mental health literacy. Psychiatry Res. 229 (1–2), 511–516 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Spiker, D. A. & Hammer, J. H. Mental health literacy as theory: current challenges and future directions. J. Mental Health. 28 (3), 238–242 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei, Y., McGrath, P., Hayden, J. & Kutcher, S. The quality of mental health literacy measurement tools evaluating the stigma of mental illness: a systematic review. Epidemiol. Psychiatric Sci. 27 (5), 433–462 (2018).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma, K. K. Y., Anderson, J. K. & Burn, A. M. School-based interventions to improve mental health literacy and reduce mental health stigma–a systematic review. Child Adolesc. Mental Health. 28 (2), 230–240 (2023).

    Google Scholar 

  • Domhardt, M. et al. Mechanisms of change in digital health interventions for mental disorders in youth: systematic review. J. Med. Internet. Res. 23 (11), e29742 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Domhardt, M. et al. Mediators and mechanisms of change in internet-and mobile-based interventions for depression: a systematic review. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 83, 101953 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gan, D. Z., McGillivray, L., Larsen, M. E., Christensen, H. & Torok, M. Technology-supported strategies for promoting user engagement with digital mental health interventions: A systematic review. Digit. Health. 8, 20552076221098268 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellicano, E. & Stears, M. The hidden inequalities of COVID-19. Autism 24 (6), 1309–1310 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Power, E., Hughes, S., Cotter, D. & Cannon, M. Youth mental health in the time of COVID-19. Ir. J. Psychol. Med. 37 (4), 301–305 (2020).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Rauschenberg, C. et al. Social isolation, mental health, and use of digital interventions in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: A nationally representative survey. Eur. Psychiatry. 64 (1), e20 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, X., Ming, W-K. & You, J. H. S. The Cost-Effectiveness of digital health interventions on the management of cardiovascular diseases: systematic review. J. Med. Internet Res. 21 (6), e13166 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, E. et al. Evaluating digital health interventions: key questions and approaches. Am. J. Prev. Med. 51 (5), 843–851 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pretorius, C. & Coyle, D. Young People’s use of digital tools to support their mental health during Covid-19 restrictions. Front. Digit. Health 3, 526 (2021).

  • Daros, A. R. et al. A meta-analysis of emotional regulation outcomes in psychological interventions for youth with depression and anxiety. Nat. Hum. Behav. 5 (10), 1443–1457 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Trosper, S. E., Buzzella, B. A., Bennett, S. M. & Ehrenreich, J. T. Emotion regulation in youth with emotional disorders: implications for a unified treatment approach. Clin. Child Fam. Psychol. Rev. 12, 234–254 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • Villalta, L., Smith, P., Hickin, N. & Stringaris, A. Emotion regulation difficulties in traumatized youth: a meta-analysis and conceptual review. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. 27, 527–544 (2018).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Schäfer, J. Ö., Naumann, E., Holmes, E. A., Tuschen-Caffier, B. & Samson, A. C. Emotion regulation strategies in depressive and anxiety symptoms in youth: a meta-analytic review. J. Youth Adolesc. 46, 261–276 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez, C. M., Tucker, M. C. & Palmer, K. Emotion regulation in relation to emerging adults’ mental health and delinquency: a multi-informant approach. J. Child Fam. Stud. 25, 1916–1925 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nook, E. C. Emotion differentiation and youth mental health: current Understanding and open questions. Front. Psychol. 12, 700298 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fry, M. D. et al. Youth perceptions of a caring climate, emotional regulation, and psychological well-being. Sport Exerc. Perform. Psychol. 1 (1), 44 (2012).

    MathSciNet 

    Google Scholar 

  • Leipoldt, J. D., Harder, A. T., Kayed, N. S., Grietens, H. & Rimehaug, T. Determinants and outcomes of social climate in therapeutic residential youth care: a systematic review. Child Youth Serv. Rev. 99, 429–440 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanctôt, N., Lemieux, A. & Mathys, C. The value of a safe, connected social climate for adolescent girls in residential care. Residential Treat. Child. Youth. 33 (3–4), 247–269 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hetrick, S. E. et al. Youth codesign of a mobile phone app to facilitate self-monitoring and management of mood symptoms in young people with major depression, suicidal ideation, and self-harm. JMIR Mental Health. 5 (1), e9041 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bai, R. et al. Tracking and monitoring mood stability of patients with major depressive disorder by machine learning models using passive digital data: prospective naturalistic multicenter study. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 9 (3), e24365 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Miklowitz, D. J. et al. A randomized clinical trial of technology-enhanced family-focused therapy for youth in the early stages of mood disorders. JAACAP Open. 1 (2), 93–104 (2023).

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, E. M. et al. Early intervention, prevention, and prediction in mood disorders: tracking multidimensional outcomes in young people presenting for mental health care. In Personalized Psychiatry 39–62 (Elsevier, 2020).

  • Johansson, O., Michel, T., Andersson, G. & Paxling, B. Experiences of non-adherence to Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy: a qualitative study. Internet Interventions. 2 (2), 137–142 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyd, D. It’s Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens (Yale University Press, 2014).

  • Plaistow, J. et al. Young people’s views of UK mental health services. Early. Interv. Psychiat. 8 (1), 12–23 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stiles-Shields, C., Ho, J. & Mohr, D. C. A review of design characteristics of cognitive behavioral therapy-informed behavioral intervention technologies for youth with depression and anxiety. Digit. Health. 2, 2055207616675706 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollis, C. et al. Annual research review: digital health interventions for children and young people with mental health problems–a systematic and meta-review. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry. 58 (4), 474–503 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, D. A., Smith, H., Heffernan, E. & Fackrell, K. Recruiting and retaining participants in e-Delphi surveys for core outcome set development: evaluating the comit’id study. PLoS One. 13 (7), e0201378 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Donohoe, H. M. & Needham, R. D. Moving best practice forward: Delphi characteristics, advantages, potential problems, and solutions. Int. J. Tourism Res. 11 (5), 415–437 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • Griner, D. & Smith, T. B. Culturally adapted mental health intervention: a meta-analytic review. Psychother. (Chic). 43 (4), 531–548 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, W. W., McIntyre, R., Reid, C. & Chao, M. A systematic review on the state of the Art of culturally adapted Mindfulness-Based interventions for first nations peoples: cultural adaptation, effectiveness, and feasibility. Mindfulness 15 (9), 2147–2172 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  • Borghouts, J. et al. Barriers to and facilitators of user engagement with digital mental health interventions: systematic review. J. Med. Internet. Res. 23 (3), e24387 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohr, D. C., Burns, M. N., Schueller, S. M., Clarke, G. & Klinkman, M. Behavioral intervention technologies: evidence review and recommendations for future research in mental health. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry. 35 (4), 332–338 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • link

    Leave a Reply

    Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *